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:''For other persons named Yeshua, or other claimed transcriptions of Jesus, see Yeshua (disambiguation). For the person, teaching, and acts of Jesus, see Jesus and Historical Jesus. See also Jesus in the Talmud.'' Yeshua (, with vowel pointing – ''yēšūă‘'' in Hebrew)〔Strong's Yeshuwa〕 was a common alternative form of the name ("Yehoshuah" – Joshua) in later books of the Hebrew Bible and among Jews of the Second Temple period. Meaning "salvation" in Hebrew, it was also the most common form of the name Jesus hence the name corresponds to the Greek spelling ''Iesous'', from which, through the Latin ''Iesus'', comes the English spelling Jesus. The Hebrew spelling ''Yeshua'' (ישוע) appears in some later books of the Hebrew Bible. Once for Joshua the son of Nun, and 28 times for Joshua the High Priest and (KJV "Jeshua") and other priests called Jeshua – although these same priests are also given the spelling Joshua in 11 further instances in the books of Haggai and Zechariah. It differs from the usual Hebrew Bible spelling of Joshua (יְהוֹשֻׁעַ ''y'hoshuaʿ''), found 218 times in the Hebrew Bible, in the absence of the consonant he ה and placement of the semivowel vav ו after, not before, the consonant shin ש. It also differs from the Hebrew spelling ''Yeshu'' (ישו) which is found in Ben Yehuda's dictionary and used in most secular contexts in Modern Hebrew to refer to Jesus of Nazareth, although the Hebrew spelling ''Yeshua'' (ישוע) is generally used in translations of the New Testament into Hebrew〔Franz Delitzsch ''Hebrew New Testament,'' Matthew 1:1, BFBS 1877, Isaac Salkinsohn ''Hebrew New Testament'' Matthew 1:1, TBS 1891〕 and used by Hebrew speaking Christians in Israel. The name ''Yeshua'' is also used in Israelite Hebrew historical texts to refer to other Joshuas recorded in Greek texts such as Jesus ben Ananias and Jesus ben Sira.〔Robert E. Van Voorst Jesus outside the New Testament 2000 ISBN 978-0-8028-4368-5 p124 "This is likely an inference from the Talmud and other Jewish usage, where Jesus is called Yeshu, and other Jews with the same name are called by the fuller name Yehoshua, "Joshua""〕 In English, the name ''Yeshua'' is extensively used by followers of Messianic Judaism, whereas East Syrian Christian denominations use the name ''Isho'' in order to preserve the Aramaic or Syriac name of Jesus.〔(Jennings )〕 ==Etymology== (詳細はBrown Driver Briggs Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew and English Lexicon; Hendrickson Publishers 1996 ISBN 1-56563-206-0〕 Its usage among the Jews of the Second Temple Period, the Biblical Aramaic/Hebrew name ''Yeshua‘'' was common: the Hebrew Bible mentions several individuals with this name – while also using their full name Joshua. This name is a feature of biblical books written in the post-Exilic period (Ezra, Nehemiah, and Chronicles) and was found in the Dead Sea Scrolls, though Haggai and Zechariah prefer the spelling Joshua. Strong's Concordance connects the name Yeshua`, in the English form Jeshua (as used in multiple instances in Ezra, Nehemiah, and 1 and 2 Chronicles), with the verb "to deliver" (or, "to rescue").〔 It is often translated as "He saves," to conform with : "She will bear a Son; and you shall call His name Jesus, for He will save His people from their sins" (NASB).〔"The New Strong's Exhaustive Concordance of the Bible (Nashville: Thomas Nelson Publishers 1990)〕 The name "Yeshua" (transliterated in the English Old Testament as Jeshua) is a late form of the Biblical Hebrew name Yehoshua (Joshua), and spelled with a waw in the second syllable. The Late Biblical Hebrew spellings for earlier names often contracted the theophoric element ''Yeho-'' to ''Yo-''. Thus Yehochanan contracted to Yochanan.〔David Talmshir, "Rabbinic Hebrew as Reflected in Personal Names" in ''Scripta Hierosolymitana: Publications of the Hebrew University of Jerusalem'', vol. 37 (Jerusalem: Magnes Press: Hebrew University of Jerusalem 1998)〕 However, there is no name (aside from Yehoshua`) in which Yeho- became Ye-. The name ישוע occurs in the Hebrew of the Old Testament at verses Ezra 2:2, 2:6, 2:36, 2:40, 3:2, 3:8, 3:9, 3:10, 3:18, 4:3, 8:33; Nehemiah 3:19, 7:7, 7:11, 7:39, 7:43, 8:7, 8:17, 9:4, 9:5, 11:26, 12:1, 12:7, 12:8, 12:10, 12:24, 12:26; 1 Chronicles 24:11; and 2 Chronicles 31:15, and also in Aramaic at Ezra 5:2. In Nehemiah 8:17 this name refers to Joshua son of Nun, the successor of Moses, as leader of the Israelites. Note that in earlier English (where adaptations of names of Biblical figures were generally based on the Latin Vulgate forms), Yeshua was generally transcribed identically to "Jesus" in English. It was only when the Protestant Bible translators of ca. 1600 went back to the original languages that a distinction between Jesus and Jeshua appeared in English. The name Yehoshua has the form of a compound of "Yeho-" and "shua": Yeho- is another form of ''Yahu'', a theophoric element standing for the name of God יהוה (the tetragrammaton YHWH, sometimes transcribed into English as Yahweh or Jehovah), and ''shua‘'' is a noun meaning "a cry for help", "a saving cry",〔"", Ernest Klein, ''A Comprehensive Etymological Dictionary of the Hebrew Language'' (New York: MacMillan Publishing Company 1987), where it means "a cry for help".〕〔"", William L. Holladay, ''A Concise Hebrew and Aramaic Lexicon of the Old Testament'' (Michigan: William B. Eerdmans Publishing 1971), where it means "a cry for help".〕〔"", M. Jastrow, ''Dictionary of the Talmud'' reprinted (Jerusalem: Khorev 1990), where is explained by the verb "to cry for help",〕 that is to say, a shout given when in need of rescue. Together, the name would then literally mean, "YHWH (Yahu) is a saving-cry," that is to say, shout to YHWH () when in need of help. Another explanation for the name Yehoshua is that it comes from the root yod-shin-‘ayin, meaning "to deliver, save, or rescue". According to the Book of Numbers verse 13:16, the name of Joshua son of Nun was originally ''Hoshea`'' , and the name "Yehoshua`" is usually spelled the same but with a yod added at the beginning. "Hoshea`" certainly comes from the root , "yasha", yod-shin-`ayin (in the Hif'il form the yod becomes a waw), and not from the word shua` (Jewish Encyclopedia) although ultimately both roots appear to be related. In the 1st century, Philo of Alexandria, in a Greek exposition, offered this understanding of Moses’s reason for the name change of the biblical hero Jehoshua/Joshua son of Nun from Hoshea (to hoshia` meaning "He rescued" ) to Yehoshua in commemoration of his salvation: "And Ιησους refers to salvation of the Lord" (or Iesous being the Greek form of the name ) () (''On the Change of Names'' 21.121). Similarly, the Septuagint renders Ben Sira as saying (in the Greek form of the name): "Ιησους the son of Naue (Ben Nun ) who ''according to his name'' became great unto () salvation/deliverance of his chosen ones" () (Ben Sira 46:1–2). However, Ben Sira originally wrote in Hebrew in the 2nd century BC, and the only extant Hebrew manuscript for this passage has "in his days" (), not "according to his name" (which would be in Hebrew), and thus does not comment on the name Yehoshua as connoting "deliverance": "Yehoshua Ben Nun, who was formed to be ''in his days'' a great deliverer for his chosen ones" (). Possibly, the translators understood the phrase "was formed in his days" to refer to being transformed by his name change, and thus has "according to his name" as a paraphrastic translation, or else they were working from a different text. The distinction between the longer ''Yehoshua'' and shorter ''Yeshua'' forms does not exist in Greek. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Yeshua (name)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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